Improvement in steam-generators



FFIGE.

FRANCIS B. DUNN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-GENERATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 85,000, dated December 15,1868.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS B. DUNN, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators 5 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and eXact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, by letters of reference Inarked thereon, forming part of this specification, and in which- Figure l represents a longitudinal section of a range of boilertubes with the heads attached, taken on the line w x, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken through one of the heads on the line .e z ofFig.- l. Fig. 3 shows a portion of the core, with a scraper attached at the end thereof.

The same letters indicate like parts on all the figures.

This invention is applicable to any form of tubular generators, and is based upon the principle that steam can be generated more rapidly and economically where a small quantity of water is presented to a large heating-surface. Thus the tubular generator will make more steam in proportion to the fuel con sumed, in about the same ratio as the heatingsurface is increased and the quantity of water contained in the boiler is decreased.

To carry out this principle to the fullest extent is the object of my invention, which consists in displacing the bulk of the water in the tubes by inserting a core of any suitable shape, preferably corresponding with the shape of the tube, and sustained in an eccentric position therein by a series of pins, studs, or other suitable means, so as to displace the water from the central portion of the tubes, and present only a thin sheet in contact with the heated surface, thus causing a very rapid evaporation and effecting a material saving of fuel.

To enable others to make and use my invention, Iwill describe its construction and operation by referring to the drawings.

A A represent two tubes of a steam-generator, connected with hollow angular heads B B; and by connecting a series of such together side by side, and in tiers of any desired number, one above another, in any suitable manner, the genera-tor is formed, the heads B forming the end inelosures, while the sides and furnace may be inelosed with brick-work or metal, according to the purpose and situation in which it is to be used.

Within each of the tubes A, I insert a core, O, which may be made of wood or hollow metal, with its ends closed, and sustained in position in the tube by pins, studs, or other suitable means, so as to leave an annular space around it, to be occupied by the water or other fluid. I arrange this core eccentrically within the tubes, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to present a rather thicker body of water at the lower portion of the tube, where the heat is the greatest, and gradually reducing its thickness toward the upper side, where the heat is less intense. The cores may, furthermore, be corrugated or iiuted from end to end, by which means, the tubes being inclined upwardly at one end, a constant circulation of the water therein would be induced. The pins amay also be so disposed around they periphery of the core C and so applied as to resist any outward pressure tending to collapse the tube. These cores, iioatin g, as it were, within the tube A, will also operate, to a considerable extent, to prevent foaming in the boiler.

I am aware that inner tubes and diaphragms have been inserted in the tubes of a boiler or generator to induce a circulation These, therefore, I do not claim as such, unless thickened to such an extent as to be evidently an infringement on my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The core O, constructed with a series of supporting-pins, a, and arranged in the tube A, substantially as shown and described.

2. The arrangement of the core O eccentrically within the tubes A by means of the pins a around its periphery, whereby to displace a portion of the water, as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I vhave hereunto subscribed name this 13th day of October, 1868.

'FRANCIS DUNN.

IYituesses:

J. M. CLARK, YV. MORRIS SMITH. 

